Volvo Car AB (publ.) Ratios and Metrics

Market cap in millions EUR. Fiscal year is January - December.

Millions EUR. Fiscal year is Jan - Dec.

Fiscal Year	Current	FY 2024	FY 2023	FY 2022	FY 2021	FY 2020	2019 - 2015
Period Ending	Dec '25 Dec 4, 2025	Dec '24 Dec 31, 2024	Dec '23 Dec 31, 2023	Dec '22 Dec 31, 2022	Dec '21 Dec 31, 2021	Dec '20 Dec 31, 2020	2019 - 2015
Market Capitalization	9,270	6,222	8,727	12,672	22,316	-	Upgrade
Market Cap Growth	57.60%	-28.71%	-31.13%	-43.22%	-	-	Upgrade
Enterprise Value	8,510	7,846	7,491	10,864	22,175	-	Upgrade
PE Ratio	73.73	4.63	7.43	9.06	18.83	-	Upgrade
PS Ratio	0.27	0.18	0.24	0.43	0.81	-	Upgrade
PB Ratio	0.70	0.50	0.74	1.20	2.43	-	Upgrade
P/TBV Ratio	1.67	0.69	1.27	1.86	3.41	-	Upgrade
P/FCF Ratio	5.15	3.22	3.98	7.12	12.40	-	Upgrade
P/OCF Ratio	2.28	1.51	2.26	4.20	7.69	-	Upgrade
EV/Sales Ratio	0.25	0.23	0.21	0.37	0.81	-	Upgrade
EV/EBITDA Ratio	3.24	2.31	2.24	4.69	8.32	-	Upgrade
EV/EBIT Ratio	7.02	3.37	3.07	7.07	11.74	-	Upgrade
EV/FCF Ratio	4.73	4.07	3.42	6.11	12.33	-	Upgrade
Debt / Equity Ratio	0.27	0.28	0.28	0.30	0.34	0.57	Upgrade
Debt / EBITDA Ratio	1.28	0.97	0.93	1.25	1.10	2.04	Upgrade
Debt / FCF Ratio	1.98	1.80	1.49	1.78	1.75	1.66	Upgrade
Asset Turnover	0.99	1.08	1.16	1.08	1.03	1.04	Upgrade
Inventory Turnover	4.29	5.37	6.19	6.46	6.14	5.83	Upgrade
Quick Ratio	0.50	0.52	0.54	0.70	0.76	0.73	Upgrade
Current Ratio	1.05	0.94	0.98	1.07	1.13	1.10	Upgrade
Return on Equity (ROE)	-0.19%	11.69%	11.35%	16.06%	17.19%	11.62%	Upgrade
Return on Assets (ROA)	2.51%	4.47%	4.93%	3.48%	4.45%	2.39%	Upgrade
Return on Capital (ROIC)	4.95%	9.55%	10.62%	7.66%	10.22%	5.73%	Upgrade
Return on Capital Employed (ROCE)	6.90%	12.20%	13.90%	9.40%	12.40%	7.10%	Upgrade
Earnings Yield	1.36%	21.60%	13.46%	11.03%	5.47%	-	Upgrade
FCF Yield	19.41%	31.02%	25.13%	14.04%	8.06%	-	Upgrade
Payout Ratio	-	-	-	-	83.39%	-	Upgrade
Buyback Yield / Dilution	0.27%	0.07%	-0.03%	-15.49%	-0.90%	-5013.88%	Upgrade

Source: S&P Capital IQ. Standard template. Financial Sources.